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Reverse Breeding : Creating Parental Line for a Heterozygous Plant and its Complication

MANDEEP KUMAR, HARSHAL A. AVINASHE*, NIDHI DUBEY, KESHA RAM, SIMERJEET KAUR AND SWAPNIL KALUBARME
Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara-144 411 (Punjab), India
*(e-mail : havinashe@gmail.com; Mobile : 9056787045)
(Received : December 22, 2018; Accepted : February 18, 2019)

ABSTRACT

Reverse Breeding is a noble plant breeding technique that can be used to create homozygous parental line for the heterozygous plants. This technique will reduce time to develop a homozygous line. GMO technique is use in Reverse Breeding but end product is free from GMO. Two homozygous lines are crossed to get F1 hybrid. It is heterozygous but homogenous in nature. Selfing of F1 produces segregating F2 generation. Desirable unknown genetic constitution is selected and subjected to the two steps of Reverse Breeding. Genetic recombination is reduced by selecting unknown heterozygous plants; by the elimination of crossover during meiosis. Both male and female gametes are produced containing combination of non-recombinants, which are used in vitro culture to produce double haploid plants. Double haploid plants are completely homozygous lines and used for reconstruction of heterozygous plants. Fixation of unknown heterozygous is impossible through conventional breeding methods, whereas reverse breeding could fundamentally change future plant breeding. This technique is limited in crops having low haploid chromosome number so as to regenerate double haploid. This technique is also limited in crops where double haploids are easily practised as in cucumber, onion, maize, pea and sorghum.

Key words : Reverse breeding, double haploid, meiosis, genetic combination and heterozygous