DWI KUSUMA WAHYUNI*, SRI LESTARI, EKO PRASETYO KUNCORO AND HERY
PURNOBASUKI
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia
*(e-mail : dwi-k-w@fst.unair.ac.id; Mobile : 085852134111)
ABSTRACT
Sonchus arvensis L. is medicinal plant that contained active compound and traditionally applied as an antioxidant, diuretic and gout. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of temperature on
induction and metabolite profiles of callus S. arvensis L. This study used leaves which were incubated at temperatures of 26oC, 4oC and 34oC on solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with the addition of 1 mg/l 2, 4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), 0.5 mg/l BAP (benzyl amino purine) and 3% sucrose. The temperature treatment of 4o C was given for seven days and 34oC was given for three days then followed by incubation at 24-26oC for four weeks. Four weeks old callus was then extracted by methanol for phytochemical screening by colour reaction and metabolite profiling by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The optimum growth of callus was obtained from a treatment temperature of 26oC with and 4oC with the callus growth time of 11 and 14 days, respectively. The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins. A total of 17 compounds were identified by GC/MS, whereby (Z)- 9,17-octadecadienal, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol and 1,3-propanediol, ethyl hexadecyl ether were major compounds. Temperature treatment significantly impacted the induction and
metabolite profiles of S. arvensis L.
Key words : Callus, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), temperature, Sonchus arvensis L., growth regulator