IBTEHAL MOHAMMED KHALAF*, ASHWAQ TALIB HAMEED AND FIRAS FADHEL ALI
Education College for Women, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
*(e-mail: ibt21w4001@uoanbar.edu.iq; Mobile: 00964 78130 76758)
(Received: March 21, 2023; Accepted: April 25, 2023)
ABSTRACT
Plant classification and species-level differentiation are influenced by the morphological traits and dissection of fruits and seeds over the course of evolution. This study described the structure of fruits and seeds of six species of plants growing in western Iraq. These species were Callistemon viminalis, Alcea rosea, Alhagi maurorum, Amaranthus blitum, Amaranthus retroflexus and Amaranthus spinosus. The study of the sections in the fruit and seed coats revealed a difference in the thickness of the constituent layers. The findings indicated that this was one of the distinctive and beneficial traits to support the other traits utilized to separate the various taxonomic levels. The active chemical contents were also investigated, and the species showed variety in their compound composition. Some of them were distinguished by thin, loose parenchyma tissue with numerous secretory ducts, like Callistemon viminalis.
Key words : Anatomical, chemical content, fruits and seeds, western Iraq