JAFFER FADHIL ABBAS*, SHAEMAA MUHI HASSON AL-AMERY AND IBTIHAL MUIZ AL-HUSSAINI
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq
*(e-mail: jafferfadhil313@gmail.com; Mobile: 78012 39520)
Received: March 6, 2023; Accepted: April 26, 2023)
ABSTRACT
The current study included the preparation of an aqueous-alcoholic extract of species E. prostrate and E.
hypericifolia leaves (herbaceous plants belonging to the genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) spread in Iraq) and showing the effect of the extract on some pathogenic fungi Alternaria alternata and Fusarium solani as a comparative study between the two species. The disk-diffusion method (MIC) and the Well diffusion method were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration at 5, 10, 15 and 20% to evaluate the effectiveness of the plant extract of both the species against both the fungal isolates by calculating the percentage of inhibition. The methanolic extract of E. prostrata leaves had higher inhibitory activity than E. hypericifolia leaves. The highest inhibition rate for A. alternata was 100 and 100%, and for F. solani (91 and 100%) at concentrations of 15 and 20. While the inhibitory percentages of E. hypericifolia leaves extract for A. alternata (85, and 89%) and for F. solani (84 and 88%) at the same concentrations. Also, the fungus A. alternata was more sensitive to the plant extracts than F. solani, specifically using the Well method. The results of the current study confirmed the importance of the alcoholic extract in inhibiting or reducing the growth of fungi, especially E. prostrata leaves extract.
Key words : Euphorbia prostrata, Euphorbia hypericifolia, Fusarium, Alternaria, plant extract