ZAID NABEEL ELIA* AND NAJAT JABBAR AHMED BERWARY
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq
*(e-mail: m.zaid@epu.edu.iq; Mobile: 00964 75076 68497)
(Received: September 18, 2023; Accepted: October 30, 2023)
ABSTRACT
Celiac disease (CD) is one type of autoimmune disorder that results in immune regulation and tolerance. The present study was carried out to detect the efficiency of soluble human leukocyte antigen-G (sHLA- G) in diagnosis and to determine CD severity. The study included 150 CD patients blood samples; 75 of them were collected from newly diagnosed (ND) patients. DNA was extracted and sera were separated; the rest of the patients blood samples were collected after four months of gluten-free diet (GFD) treatment for the serological study. Fifty healthy people donated blood, which was classified as the control group. DNA was extracted, and its purity and concentration were determined using the nanodrop technique. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was utilized to detect the DQ2 and DQ8 alleles of the ND group, while sHLA-G was assessed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. A graph-prism program was applied to analyze the results. The obtained results demonstrated that sHLA-G levels significantly dropped after four months of GFD. However, no significant alteration was shown according to gender. As a result of RTPCR, patients were categorized in accordance with the DQ2 and DQ8 alleles as homozygote, heterozygote and negative. According to the DQ2 gene, both groups ND and GFD recorded significant variations in sHLA-G values between heterozygote and negative groups. However, the grouping based on DQ8 did not reveal significant differences. Also, the results showed that sHLA-G had a high sensitivity for diagnosing CD. This study came to the conclusion that CD severity diagnosis and prognosis were significantly influenced by sHLA-G.
Key words : Soluble HLA-G, celiac disease, DQ2, DQ8