M. V. ZABELINA*, T. N. RODIONOVA, G. V. LEVCHENKO, I. V. RYZHKOVA, A. V. DANILIN, D. N. KATUSOV AND A. V. ANISIMOV
Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University, Theatrical Square, 1, Saratov, 410012, Russia
*(e-mail : mvzabelina@mail.ru; Telephone : 8 (845) 269-25-32)
(Received : April 5, 2018; Accepted : June 22, 2019)
ABSTRACT
The main sources of the pollution in the territory, where numerous herds of small cattle were grazing, were the enterprises in Saratov, which influenced the degradation of the atmosphere, the arable land, the aboveground and underground water, the snow cover, the grassland, products of plant breeding and by throwing toxic substances into the atmosphere. The analysis of haying grass and grain products from the pastures and fields has shown an excess over the permissible content of lead : 1.2 times in barley oats, 1.3 times in barley grain and 1.1 times in grazing grasses; for cadmium, the excess over the permissible content was 1.1, 1.4 and 1.5 times, respectively. The morphological picture of the blood of rams was characterized by a small number of erythrocytes, their highest concentration was observed in 2- and 4months old rams, which was probably the necessary condition for the increased oxygen consumption by growing tissues and organs. In their age dynamics, rams showed the fluctuation of the biochemical processes : a decrease in total protein by 30.7%, an increase in the processes of interamination at the level of AST and ALT by 35.8 and 33.2%, respectively. The comparative analysis of the natural resistance has revealed a number of features determined by the maturity of the organisms of the animals at various stages of postnatal ontogenesis in sheep.
Key words :Environmental problems, toxicants, enzymes, resistance