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Hematology of Blood of Bull-calves Fed with a Diet with Pulp Granules and Different Dosages of Vitamin A (Retinol)

Andrey Vladimirovich Valoshin
Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevistskaya Street, Saransk, 430005, Russia
*(e-mail : valoshin.a.v@mail.ru; Contact : 7 (8342) 243732)
(Received : September 16, 2020; Accepted : November 12, 2020)

ABSTRACT

The effect of different dosages of vitamin A was studied on the biochemical and morphological parameters of the bull-calves blood after the introduction of granulated pulp into their diet. For the experiment, the cross-bred bull-calves of red-and-white and black-and-white breeds at the age of one year with a live weight in the range of 290-310 kg were selected. Theses were divided into three experimental groups (15 bull-calves in each) using the analog method (live weight, age). The basic diet was designed to provide 1000-1200 g of average daily gain in accordance with the norms of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The diet included corn silage, grass-legume haylage, grain mixture chop (barley and wheat, in equal parts by weight), pulp granules and mineral additives in the form of premix. Feeding of the
experimental animals differed only by the level of vitamin A. Bull-calves of the first group received 20000-22000 IU of vitamin A per 100 kg of live weight, which was equivalent to the RAAS standards for carotene (on the basis of 1 mg of carotene being equal to 400 IU of vitamin A), the second group received 25% more (25000-27000 IU per 100 kg of live weight), the third group received 50% more (30000-32000 IU per 100 kg of live weight). The amount of vitamin A was adjusted using the concentrated additive “Microvit A” with pharmacological activity of 500000 IU per 1 g. The preparation was thoroughly mixed with the concentrates (three times, separately for each group) and administered (with a total dosage of one time in 10 days) before handing the main type of feed, before the morning feeding. For blood analysis, a donation was taken from the jugular vein in the morning (before feeding) in the final stage of animal
fattening. After many studies, it was found that 22000-27000 IU per 100 kg of live weight was considered the optimal dose of vitamin A in the bull-calves feed with pulp granules, which was 25% more than the preliminarily calculated norm of carotene. Usage of this new norm improved the physiological state of the bull-calves and activated the body’s metabolism. In addition, it increased the hemoglobin and red blood cell levels in the blood, increased the alkaline reserve by 12.9 vol. % CO2, total protein content by 4.9%, albumin content by 16.1%, calcium concentration by 5% and inorganic phosphorus content by 17.5%.
Key words : : : Blood, bull-calves, diets, final fattening, microvit, morphological and biochemical parameters, plasma, pulp granules, vitamin A